Chest Pain: How to Tell the Difference Between a Heart Attack and Something Else?

Chest pain is one of the most common reasons people visit the emergency department. While a heart attack is the first concern that comes to mind, the symptoms may actually be caused by digestive problems, muscle tension, or other conditions. Experts recommend taking all chest pain seriously.

Chest pain causes immediate fear of a heart attack in most people – and for good reason. Chest pain is one of the most common reasons people visit the emergency department, and sometimes it is indeed a life-threatening situation that requires immediate intervention.

However, chest pain often masks other, less serious conditions. One of the most common is gastroesophageal reflux, or heartburn, in which acidic stomach contents rise into the oesophagus and cause a burning sensation that can easily be confused with heart pain. Additionally, the pain can be caused by muscle tension – for example, after strenuous physical work or repetitive movements.

What to Watch For

Doctors point to several signs that help distinguish serious heart problems from other causes. A heart attack is often indicated by a squeezing or pressing sensation in the chest, pain radiating to the left arm, jaw, or back, sweating, nausea, and difficulty breathing. Such symptoms require immediate medical attention.

On the other hand, the pain can be sharp and localized, worsen with deep breathing or changes in body position – these signs point more to problems with muscles, bones, or lungs. Anxiety disorders and panic attacks can also cause real physical chest pain, so psychological factors should not be underestimated.

When to See a Doctor

Medical professionals emphasise that in case of doubt, one should always see a doctor and should not attempt self-diagnosis. This is especially true for older people, diabetics, and those with risk factors for heart disease – their symptoms may be different from the typical presentation or even more subtle. It is better to visit a doctor one more time than to miss a serious problem.