Graz researchers develop Lego-style disassemblable buildings

A research team from Graz University of Technology has developed building technology that allows structures to be disassembled like Lego constructions and rebuilt elsewhere using the same components. The system uses modular wall elements connected with reversible fasteners rather than permanent mortar. Trials show this approach could reduce the construction sector's carbon emissions by up to 60%.

Researchers at Graz University of Technology have developed an innovative building solution that allows structures to be dismantled and their materials reused repeatedly, similar to assembling and disassembling Lego blocks. The project emerged from the need to find alternatives to traditional demolition, which generates enormous volumes of waste globally.

No more mortar needed

The system's centrepiece is specially designed modular wall elements that use reversible mechanical connections instead of conventional cement mortar. This means building blocks can be separated from one another without damaging the material and then reassembled into a new structure at a different location. In traditional demolition, the vast majority of material ends up in landfills.

Up to 60% fewer emissions

Based on trials, this circular economy approach could reduce the construction sector's carbon footprint by up to 60%. The construction sector is one of the world's largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions, making solutions that support material reuse increasingly important. The work of the Graz research team shows that sustainable building does not necessarily mean a more expensive or complicated process.